Introduction to Law and Justice                       Professor Christopher                 Professor Howenstein

Spring 2005                                                      Office: B-231, x7418                  Office: B-238,  x7431

W 10:45-1:15                                                     Hours:   TF 11;30-1:00,               TF 11:30-1:00,

B-216                                                                       or by appointment                       or by appointment

rchristo@ramapo.edu                 mhowenst@ramapo.edu

Course Description

 

        This course will explore the dialectical relation between Law and Justice from the perspective of the humanities– drawing upon the disciplines of jurisprudence, literature, history and philosophy in the process.  The focus of the course regards the many ways in which justice as both a moral and a legal construct has been conceived by writers throughout the ages–from Biblical and Hellenic to modern and contemporary times.  Particular emphasis will be given to the theoretical foundations of law, the socio-historical embeddedness of law and justice, the relationship of the individual to state authority, and the quest for a universal conception of justice.  This course satisfies the 100 level general education requirement for the humanities, and is also the first of two required 100 level courses for the Law and Society major.

 

Required Texts

 

Aquinas, Treatise on Law (Hackett, 2000)

Golding, Lord of the Flies (Perigree, 1959)

Aeschylus, The Oresteia (University of Chicago, 1983)

Dostoevsky, The Grand Inquisitor (Hackett, 1993)

Sophocles, Antigone (HBJ, 1977)

Plato, The Last Days of Socrates (Penguin, 2003)

Thoreau, On the Duty of Civil Disobedience (Muste)

King, Loving Your Enemies (Muste)

 

        All texts are required and should be available in the college bookstore.  Use of the specified editions will facilitate your reading and allow us to share page references during lectures and discussions.  The text under discussion should always be brought to class.  Readings which are not derived from these texts can be found in this course syllabus which itself will be posted on the web. To reach the web based syllabus, use Ramapo’s   Intranet. Go to “Faculty Web Pages”, then to Prof. Christopher in AIS, and then click on the course title.

 

Student Responsibilities

 

        This course requires your utmost diligence.  Class preparation is essential.  We will be discussing some of the most challenging and thought provoking works of Western "legal" literature, but their insights will appear only after due preparation on your part.  Such prep­aration requires careful and attentive reading of these texts, critical thinking about the issues presented therein, and active participation discussing these issues in class.

 

      Class attendance is necessary to properly understand these texts, and will be considered in your final grade.  Extensive absences (four or more) will jeopardize a passing grade; active presence will enhance it.  However, class attendance is more than mere presence in the classroom.  Attention to the spirit of the text requires the constant questioning of its truth.  Such attendance is demonstrated in part by your active participation in class, as well as your presence at my office hours.  To further facilitate such attendance, weekly position papers regarding the assigned readings may be required, and random quizzes will be given throughout the semester.

 

Written Work and Evaluation

 

        There will be one midterm and a comprehensive final examination–both of which will be of the short answer and essay type.  In addition, there will be two short critical papers (3-4 pages each) asking you to treat thoughtfully a given topic pertinent to your readings.  Finally, there will be random quizzes given throughout the semester regarding the assigned readings for the day.

        A final grade in the course will be evenly weighted among all of these requirements, including spot quizzes, attendance and participation.

 

        Note: Assignments must be submitted in a timely manner (in class on the date due), and will not be accepted otherwise without a legitimate excuse.  Failure to meet any of these requirements will jeopardize your grade, and place you in danger of failing this course.


 

Course Accommodation

 

        Any student who has special needs because of any type of disability, should see Professor Christopher or Howenstein as soon as possible to make the appropriate accommodations.

 

 

   Schedule of Readings, Writings and Class Discussion

 

Feb.  2       Introductory Meeting: Foundations of Law and the Quest for Justice

 

I. Foundations of Law

 

Feb. 9        Natural Law

Reading: Aquinas, Treatise on Law

 

Feb. 16     Positive Law

Readings: H.L.A. Hart, "Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals" (online)

   The Queen v. Dudley and Stephens (online)

 

Feb. 23     Law in a State of Nature

Reading: Golding, Lord of the Flies

 

             II. Reviving Law through Justice in History

 

Mar. 2        The Greek Transition from Revenge to Justice

Reading: Aeschylus, The Oresteia

 

Mar. 9      The Passage from Mosaic to Christian Law

Readings: Genesis 1-3, 17:1-14; Exodus 19-22; Leviticus 26 (Ezekiel 26);

    Deuteronomy: 5-6, 8, 11:26-28, 32:16-43; Job: 1-3, 14, 37:14-42:6;

    Matthew: 5-7, 15:1-20, 22:15-40.

    (From a Bible translation of your choice)

First Critical Paper Due

 

Mar. 16    Midterm Examination

 

Mar. 23     Spring Break; No Class

 

                 Anglo-American Historical Milestones

 

Mar. 30     Magna Carta and the Glorious Revolution

Readings: The Magna Carta (1215) and “Magna Carta and Its American Legacy”

    [www.archives.gov (exhibit hall)] (online)

    The Glorious Revolution, English Bill of Rights and Locke’s Second

    Treatise of Civil Government (online)

 

Apr.  6       The American Revolution and the Birth of Constitutional Democracy

                        Readings: The Declaration of Independence, U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights

   [www.archives.gov (exhibit hall)]  (online)

 

           III. The Quest for Justice: The Individual v. State Authority

 

Apr. 13     The Seduction of the Herd

                        Reading: Dostoevsky, The Grand Inquisitor

 

Apr. 20     The Moral Limits of Legal Obligation

                        Readings: Plato, Apology and Crito [from The Last Days of Socrates]

 

Apr. 27     The Tragedy of Law and the Law of Tragedy

Reading: Sophocles, Antigone

 

 May 4      The Inversion of Justice and the Rise of Modern Civil Disobedience

Readings: Thoreau, On the Duty of Civil Disobedience

    King, Loving Your Enemies and Letter from a Birmingham Jail

 

 May 11     Make up and Review

 

 May 18     Final Examination